Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications (SIGMA)

SIGMA 10 (2014), 108, 28 pages      arXiv:1404.0876      https://doi.org/10.3842/SIGMA.2014.108

The Generic Superintegrable System on the 3-Sphere and the $9j$ Symbols of $\mathfrak{su}(1,1)$

Vincent X. Genest and Luc Vinet
Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Centre-ville Station, Montréal, QC, Canada, H3C 3J7

Received August 15, 2014, in final form November 25, 2014; Published online December 05, 2014

Abstract
The $9j$ symbols of $\mathfrak{su}(1,1)$ are studied within the framework of the generic superintegrable system on the 3-sphere. The canonical bases corresponding to the binary coupling schemes of four $\mathfrak{su}(1,1)$ representations are constructed explicitly in terms of Jacobi polynomials and are seen to correspond to the separation of variables in different cylindrical coordinate systems. A triple integral expression for the $9j$ coefficients exhibiting their symmetries is derived. A double integral formula is obtained by extending the model to the complex three-sphere and taking the complex radius to zero. The explicit expression for the vacuum coefficients is given. Raising and lowering operators are constructed and are used to recover the relations between contiguous coefficients. It is seen that the $9j$ symbols can be expressed as the product of the vacuum coefficients and a rational function. The recurrence relations and the difference equations satisfied by the $9j$ coefficients are derived.

Key words: $\mathfrak{su}(1,1)$ algebra; $9j$ symbols; superintegrable systems.

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